Emphysematous Gastritis in an 88-Year-Old Male: A Case Report

Abstract

Emphysematous gastritis is an uncommon, yet severe infection of the stomach caused by gas-producing bacteria. Due to the condition’s non-specific presentation and high mortality rate, early recognition is crucial for improving patient outcomes.This case describes an 88-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure, who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and hematemesis. A computed tomography scan confirmed emphysematous gastritis, revealing air within the gastric wall. Given his advanced age and comorbidities, the patient underwent conservative treatment, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and nutritional support. Although his initial condition stabilized, he later developed hospital-acquired pneumonia, which led to respiratory failure and ultimately death on day sixteen of hospitalization. Managing emphysematous gastritis presents a significant challenge. While surgical treatment is recommended in some cases, conservative approaches involving aggressive antibiotic therapy and supportive care may serve as viable alternatives for high-risk patients. Timely diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies play a crucial role in optimizing outcomes.This report underscores the importance of early diagnosis and close monitoring in emphysematous gastritis. Clinicians should consider this rare condition in critically ill patients with acute gastrointestinal symptoms. Conservative management may be beneficial in select cases, though further research is necessary to define optimal treatment protocols.